Brush.



W. T. SHERMAN.

BRUSH.

APPLICATION HLED Aue.2|,'l9Ie.

1 ,27'7, l 41. Patented Aug. 27, 1918.

4 SHEETSSHEET l- 22 Miter/2e W. T. SHERMAN.

BRUSH.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.2I, 191a.

Patented Aug, 27 1918.

4 hHEETS-SHEET 2 W. T. SHERMAN.

BRUSH.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.2I. 191s.

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Patented Aug. 27, 1918.

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W. T. SHERMAN.

BRUSH.

- APPLICATION FILED AUG.2I. 19]6. I 1,2773%. Patented Aug. 27, 1918.

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barren s'rairas PATENT orrioa. 7

WILLIAM r. SHERMAN. or TROY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOB, BY. MESNEASSIGNMENI'S, T HENRY L. HUGHES 00. live, or new Yoa .N. n iaoozaroaarron or new roar;

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Specification of Letters Patent. Patellted tku o. 2'? 1918 Application filed August 21, 1916. Serial No. 115,951.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, WVILLIAM T. SHERMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at *Troy, county of Rensselaer, and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Brushes, of which the following is a specification.

Reference may be-had'tothe accompany- 1 ing drawings, and'the reference characters marked thereon, which form a partof this Similar characters refer to specification.

1n the severalfigures therein.

similar parts This invention relates to a type of toiletbrush in which the bristles are supported by an elastic pad or sheet which is inserted and secured in a recess in thebrush-back, and preferably so confined by the walls of the recess that; the pad is'held in buckled position so as to present an outwardly curved or convexed' surface from which the bristles divergently project. I

As such brushes have heretofore been constructed thcgy have been so-readily and injuriously a ected by moisture that it was Other objects will appear in connection with thefollowing description. v

Figure 1 of the rawings is a plan view of the face of a brush embodying my invention, with a portion of the bristle-supporting pad broken away, and an edge-portion of the pad and the wall of the recess in the brush-back shown in horizontal section.

. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the opposite'side of the brush with the brush-back partly cut away and shown in horizontal section. b

Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section of the brush taken on the broken line 3-3 in Fig. 2.

vertical cross-section of the Fig. 4 is a the broken line 44 in brush taken on Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a central, vertical longitudinal erably soft rubber,

section taken on the broken line 5-5 in Fig.= 2.

Fig. 6 is a lan vieW of the clamp-plates and the operating wedge separated from one another. l 3

1. Fig. 7 is a planview of the face of a brush embodying a modified form of my invention, with a portion ofthe vbristle-supporting padv broken away; and an edge-portion of the pad, nd the wall of the recess of the brushback shown in horizontal section.

:Fig. 8 is a central, .verticalzlongitudinal section of the-same taken on the broken line 88 in Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a horizontal cross-section of the same taken. on the broken line 9-9 in Fig. 7,- showing one edge of the pad forced past the fingers of the clamp-plate, the opposite edge of the pad not having yet been inserted in the recess of the brush-back.

Fig. 10 is a planview of the clamp-plate employed in the construction shownin Figs.

'7, 8 and 9.

9 .Fig. 11 is a view in perspective of a flex- :ible sheet of vulcanized rubber perforated to geceive the bristles in making the elastic pa Fig. 12 is a cr0ss-se0tion of the same showing the bristles inserted through the perforations in the sheet with the heads formed by bending over the ends of the bristles ex posed upon the back of the sheet.

Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing the heads of the bristles sealed or hermetically embedded in the integral-flexible rubber pad formed by vulcanizing upon the rubber sheet, a rubber backing sheet. Referring to the drawings, 1, represents the brush-back formed with a recess, 2, of a form and size adaptedto receive the bristlesupporting pad, 3, the edge-portion of which closely fits within the recess.

The bristles, 4, may be attached to the pad, 3, in any known manner.

The pad is formed of elastic material, prefand is preferably of such a size that when its edge-portion has been forced into the recess, 2, in the brush-back,

the pad will bebuckled or curved outwardly,

presenting a convexed outer surface from which the bristles divergently project.

The pad is preferably so made that the heads of the bristles are 'hermetically embedded and'sealed therein, which result may be obtained by vulcanizing a thick sheet of rubber upon the heads of the bristles, or by inserting the bristles through apertures in a vulcanized soft rubber sheet with their heads exposed on one side of the sheet, and then vulcanizing a backing sheet upon said perforated sheet covering the heads of the bristles, the two sheets forming an integral construction, as hereinafter described.

I have shown the brush-baek provided with a preferred form of recess, the wall of which is undercut to form a groove, 5, well adapted to receive the inserted edge of the pad.

In carrying out my invention in the form shown in Figs. 1 to 6, I inclose between the.

, pad and the brushback, clamping-mecha- The clamp-plates and wedge may be made 7 of wood, metal or other suitable material, but I prefer to make the clamp-plates of wood, and the wedge of metal which will not be injuriously affected by water, and to form on opposite sides of the wedge a series of teeth, 8, which become embedded in the edges of the wooden clamp-plates when the wedge is driven in between them and there- I by effectively prevent withdrawal of the wedge.

The Wedge is preferably provided with a longitudinal slot, 9, through which one or more headed nails or pins, 10, are driven into the brush-back, forming a loose guide for the wedge inits movement, and retain ing the wedge in connection with the brushback while the pad being inserted and clamped Within the recess.

In completing the brush, the clamps, 66,

\ are laid within the recess in thebrush-back on opposite sides of the wedge which is withdrawn sufficientlyto leave a suitable space between the outer edges of the clampplates and the side wall of the recess, intowhieh space the edge-portion of the pad is inserted,

after whichthe wedge is driven in between the clamp-plates by means of a pin or other suitable tool, 13, inserted'through a perforate opening, 11, formed in the wall of the recess,which opening may also serve as a rent-opening when the brush is in use,

When the wedge has been Well driven in making a practically water-tight joint between the pad and the brush-back.

To facilitate the action of the wedge, the clamp-plates may have formed on their inner edges, where engaged by the wedge, inclined surfaces, 12, corresponding with the taper of the wedge.

The ends of theclamp-plates are preferably cut away or rabbeted as at, 14, to permit the plates to lap one another at their ends so as to make contact with the edgeportion of the pad throughout the extent of its internal periphery.

In Figs. 7 to 9, I have shown a brush embodying my invention in preferred form.

In this form of my invention, I employ a clamp-plate, 15, which is preferably made of a single piece of resilient sheet-metal hav- 'ing a serrated edge forming along its periphery a series of fingers or spurs, 16, which are obliquely upturned preferably at an angle of about thirty degrees.

This clamp-plate, 15, is slightly larger than the opening in the face of the brushback, said fingers or spurs yielding sulfh ciently to permit the plate to be forced through said face-opening into the recess, after which the fingers spring back to normal position.

After the clamp-plate, 15, has been properly located within the recess, 2, it is secured to the brush-back by screws or nails, 17, leaving the ends of the fingers or spurs, 16, along its periphery at a substantially uni form distance from the side-wall of the recess, 2, which distance is somewhat less than the thickness of the rubber pad which is to be inserted within the recess.

After the clamp-plate, 15, has been thus fastened within the recess in the brushback, the bristle-supporting pad is symmetrically placed over the face-opening, and its edge portion is, by means of a suitable flat tool or instrument, forced inward between the side-wall of therecess and the ends of the spurs or fingers, 16.

The spurs or fingers,16, yield inwardly to permit the edge of the pad to be thus inserted; but as soon as the tool or instrument is withdrawn, said spurs or fingers spring outward and embed themselves in the inserted pad, and force the same tightly against the side-wall of the recess.

The thickness of the rubber pad and the distance apart of the spurs or fingers, 16,

are such that after the pad has been thus inserted, its edge-portion will be held by the clamp-spurs or fingers, 16, in tight engagement with the side-Wall of the recess, so that water annot enter the recess be drawal. from the recess,

tween the edge of the pad and-thewall'of therecess.

. The clamp-plate, 15,13 preferably made of the brush, as shown at 11, in Fig. 5.

The ventilating aperture thus located permits some water to enter the recess if the body of the brush is immersed in water.

I have shown in Fig. 8, a ventilating open ing, 18, leading to the recess, 2, longitudinally through the handle, 19, of the brush, which opening accomplishes the ventilating function without permitting water to pass therethrough into the recess, 2, in any ordinary use of the brush in water.

The brush-back and handle are preferably made of water-proof material. This can be accomplished by making them of molded celluloid, or similar material orby making them of wood coated with liquid celluloid, or other material not injuriously affected by water.

In making a waterproof bristle-supporting pad, I preferably employ a flexible sheet 21, of vulcanized rubber provided with numerous perforations 22, each adapted to receive one or more bristles as may be desired.

This sheet is formed by vulcanizing the rubber to a degree adapting it to form an elastic support for the bristle, and is preferably provided with the perforations, 22, after being so vulcanized.

The bristles 23, are inserted singly, or in groups comprising two or more, through the perforations, 22, said bristles having on their inner ends, heads, 24, formed in any known manner, preferably by bending over at right angles the inner end of each bristle.

Upon the back of the bristle-filled sheet thus prepared is placed a backing-sheet, 25, of unvulcanized or semi-vulcanized rubber covering the heads, 24, of the bristles, which backing-sheet is then vulcanized upon the bristle-supporting sheet, 21, until the two rubber sheets, 21 and 25, form an integral flexible body of vulcanized rubber.

In making the brush-pad by the method described, I prefer to vulcanize the .two sheets together at a temperature somewhat less than the temperature at which the bristle-supporting sheet was previously vulcanized, leaving said bristle-supporting sheet .unafiected by such subsequent vulcanization with respect to its flexibility and elasticity.

By the'process described, the innerends of the bristles, and particularly their heads, are hermetically sealed or embedded in an integralbody of softrubber, and are thereby protected from moisture; and there being no seam or jointv in the finishedpad, there is no tendency for thebackingsheet to separate from the bristle-supporting sheet.

, Imake n01 specific claim herein to the con struction shown in Figs. 1to 6 inclusive, as this particular formof my invention isthe subject-matter of an application filed by me January4, 1916, renewed February 25, 1918,

Serial No. 219,157, of which prior application the present application is a continuance for certain features of the invention.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A brush having a back provided with a recess, an elastic bristle-supporting pad the edge-portion of which fits within said recess, and means inclosed between the pad and the brush-back cooperative with the wall of the recess to secure the edge-portion of the pad within the recess.

2. A brush having a back provided with a recess, an elastic bristle-supporting pad the edge-portion of which fits within said recess, and having inclosed between the pad and the brush-back, clamping-mechanism including members capable of movement relatively to the wall of the recess and cooperative therewith to clamp thereagainst the edge-portion of the pad.

3. A brush having a back provided with a recess, an elastic bristle-supporting pad the edge-portion of which fits within said recess, and clamping mechanism having resilient members cooperative with the wall of the recess to clamp thereagainst the edge-portion of the pad.

4. A brush having a back provided with a recess, an elastic bristle-supporting pad the edge-portion of which fits within said recess, and clamping-mechanism inclosed between the pad and the brush-back, said clamping-mechanism having a serrated edge cooperative with the wall of the recess to clanp thereagainst the edge-portion of the edgeportion of which fits With .se d reces a clamp-plate secured within said recess, said clamp-plate being of larger dimensions than the opening of said recess, and having peripherally disposed members cooperative with the wall of the recess to clamp thereagainst the edge-portion of the pad, said members yielding to permit the plate to be forced into the recess.

7. A brush having a back of waterproof material provided with a recess, a waterproof soft elastic brist1esupporting pad the edge-portion of which fits within said recess, and clamping-mechanism engageable with the edge-portion of said pad and cooperative with the Wall of the recess to clamp thereagainst the edge-portion of the pad to make a water-tight joint between the edge of the pad and the wall of said recess.

8. A brush having a back provided with a recess, an elastic bristle-supporting pad the edge-portion of which fits Within said recess, and clamping mechanism inclosed between the pad and the brush-back cooperative with the wall of the recess to clamp thereagainst the edge-portion of the pad.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 15th day of August, 1916.

' 7 WILLIAM T. SHERMAN.

copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of latents, Washington, D. 0. 

